Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston (Fabaceae) is native to Assam, Bangladesh, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, East Himalaya, Hainan, India, Japan, Jawa, Korea, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Yemen. Flora of the World documents 3 occurrences across 2 countries.